Onset and evolution of the propagating spiral waves in an artificial bacterial films of P. aeruginosa

Left: time-lapse phase-contrast images. Middle: Traces of wavefronts. Right: phase angle distributions of the waves. Colour bar to the right of the right panel indicate the magnitude of phase angle. The elapsed time is indicated by the time stamp (format: hh:mm:ss). Scale bar, 500 μm. See: Liu et al., Nature Physics (2024): 1-7.